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Domestic capacitor application trend


Capacitance impedance is inversely proportional to the frequency, so capacitance can stop by at low frequency. Inductance is the opposite - so the appropriate combination, various frequency signal can be filtered. As in the rectifier circuit, capacitor and the load or the load inductance in series, can filter the ac ripple.
Is due to the effect of electrolytic capacitor filter out low frequency signal of current, but even the low frequency signal, its frequency is divided into several orders of magnitude. So in order to suitable for use under different frequencies, electrolytic capacitor is also divided into high frequency capacitance and low frequency capacitance (high frequency is relative here).
Low frequency filter capacitor is mainly used for mains filter or filter after the transformer rectifier, their work is consistent with the mains frequency is 50 hz; And main work in the switch power supply high frequency filter capacitance filter after the rectification, the working frequency of several thousand Hz for tens of thousands of Hz. When we are going to low frequency filter capacitor is used in high frequency circuit, the frequency characteristic because of the low frequency filter capacitor is bad, it is in the high frequency when the charge and discharge resistance is bigger, the equivalent inductance is higher. So in use due to frequent polarization of electrolyte and larger heat generation. And high temperature will lead to electrolyte capacitor inside gasification, capacitance pressure increases, eventually led to the capacitance of the bulge and burst.
The size of the power filter capacitor, at ordinary times do design, grade in 4.7 before u, is used to filter the low frequency, the second with 0.1 u, is used to filter the high frequency, 4.7 uF capacitance effect is to reduce output ripple and low frequency interference, 0.1 uF capacitance should be reduced due to the instantaneous load current changes caused by the high frequency interference. Generally in front that the bigger the better, two capacitance values are probably about 100 times. Power filter, switching power supply, to see your ESR (equivalent series resistance of capacitor), and the choice of the high frequency capacitance in its best since the resonant frequency. Large capacitor is to prevent the surge, stronger mechanism is like a big reservoir flood control ability; Small capacitance filter high frequency interference, any device can be equivalent to a resistor, inductor, capacitor series parallel circuits, also had the resonance, only on this since the resonant frequency, minimum equivalent resistance, so the filter for the best.
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